Excerpts from Books and Wikipedia
"It started as a demonstration against the 1950 Past Laws, which required nonwhites to carry identity cards and forbade them from spending the nights in a 'white' area, even if it was their place of work.… At the height of the protest, a crowd of several thousand surrounded the local police station.… Yet the police still decided to open fire, killing 69 and wounding almost 200.… Instead, on April 1, the United Nations Security Council called for South Africa to end racial segregation." [1001 Days]